What is iron core transformer? Its construction, working, advantages, disadvantages & Applications

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A transformer is an electrical device that transfers energy from one circuit to another through electromagnetic induction. An iron core transformer is a type of transformer that uses a magnetic core made of laminated iron to transfer electrical power between two circuits.

Construction of iron core transformer:

An iron core transformer consists of two or more coils of wire wrapped around a laminated iron core. The primary coil is connected to the input voltage source, and the secondary coil is connected to the output load. The laminated core is made up of thin sheets of iron that are insulated from each other.The laminated core is reduced by the currents and hysteresis losses. The core is shaped like a rectangular or circular ring, with the coils wound around its circumference.

Working of iron core transformer:

When an alternating current (AC) flows through the primary coil, it produces a magnetic field that causes a voltage to be induced in the secondary coil. The amount of voltage induced in the secondary coil is determined by the ratio of the number of turns in the primary and secondary coils. This voltage transfer occurs due to the changing magnetic flux that results from the alternating current flowing through the primary coil.

Advantages:

  1. High efficiency: Iron core transformers have high efficiency due to the low hysteresis and eddy current losses in the laminated iron core.
  2. Low cost: Iron core transformers are relatively low cost and widely available.
  3. High reliability: Iron core transformers are reliable and require little maintenance.
  4. Wide range of applications: Iron core transformers are used in a wide range of applications, from power distribution to electronic devices.

Disadvantages:

  1. Heavy weight: Iron core transformers are heavy due to the presence of the laminated iron core.
  2. Limited frequency range: Iron core transformers are limited in their frequency range due to the magnetic properties of the iron core.
  3. Limited voltage regulation: Iron core transformers have limited voltage regulation due to the magnetic properties of the iron core.

Applications

Iron core transformers are commonly used in power transmission and distribution systems.It is also used in electronic devices such as amplifiers, power supplies, and inverters. They are also used in welding equipment, lighting systems, and electric motors

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